Where to Retire in Europe: France, Portugal, Spain, and Italy Compared
France, Portugal, Spain, or Italy for retirement? An evidence-based comparison for Americans: taxes, healthcare, visas, cost of living, and estate planning, with the numbers.
Whether you're planning the move or already settled in France, we coordinate vetted cross-border experts in visas, dual-country taxes, healthcare, housing, banking, and estate planning, so you can focus on what matters.
Dual-country tax experts who handle your US and French returns together, so both filings always line up.
Cross-border estate lawyers who structure your trusts, heirs and succession to hold up under both US and French law.
Steps in as your French rental guarantor, so landlords welcome you without French income or a local cosigner.
Court-sworn translators whose certified civil documents sail through French consulates and prefectures.Retiring to France means redoing things you settled decades ago: residency, health coverage, banking, taxes. Most people try the same things, in the same order.
Reddit threads, Facebook groups, advice from people whose situation almost matches yours — secondhand, not always complete or accurate. The research never ends, and the pieces are yours to connect.
Finding a good one is its own project. A visa consultant rarely sees your taxes; a tax firm can't fix your healthcare. Each does their piece well, and the gaps between the pieces are still yours.
Many coordinate the move itself beautifully, right up to the day you land. Then comes the warm goodbye email, just as healthcare, taxes, and residency renewals actually begin.
“Expat specialist” is easy to say and hard to verify. A well-meaning CPA who has never filed under the US–France tax treaty won't know what they're missing — and neither will you, until it matters.
Everyone keeps their own file, so you become the courier between them — resending the same documents and keeping everyone on the same page.
Aelos was built to be the connection. Every dependency between the visa, the lease, healthcare, and the tax calendar is mapped and watched — so nothing important gets missed.
The visa, the lease, the letter you can't read: one answerable owner, not a queue.
Immigration, cross-border tax, healthcare, translations: each done by someone who does only that — and whom we vetted before they ever touched a member's file.
Tell your story once, upload your documents once. One file remembers, and every specialist works from it.
A document doesn't change, but the calendar around it does. AI reads each upload on the spot, then re-checks the whole file every hour against what's ahead: still fresh on the day of your appointment, expiry clocks armed, names matching across the household's file. Problems surface the day they appear, not at the préfecture.
One dedicated contact owns your file end to end — the same names every time, not a marketplace. Ali and Arnaud met in college in Paris and have lived for years in both the US and France: they know Roth IRAs and 401(k)s as well as préfectures, and they've sat on your side of the paperwork. The specialists around them are based in France, on the ground where your file actually moves.
Ali started at Google, then spent years at Stripe, the technology company that powers online payments for much of the internet. There he first helped founders around the world set up American companies through Stripe Atlas, then led Stripe's own expansion across Europe. Most recently he was chief operating officer of Interop Labs, a financial-technology company acquired by Circle in 2025.
Arnaud spent six years at Apple as a senior engineer, then co-founded AutoHub, a software company for car dealerships, backed by Y Combinator (the Silicon Valley investor behind Airbnb and Stripe). Over nine years he grew it to more than 1,000 dealerships, leading the company through its acquisition. If you've ever sold a car to a dealer, chances are the software he built was part of the process.
France offers American retirees something unusual: healthcare that actually works, a culture that lingers at the table, and the rest of Europe right next door, all at a lower cost of living than most US metros.

Under the US–France tax treaty, US-source income is taxed only by the United States. That covers Social Security, 401(k), IRA, pensions, capital gains on US investments, and rent from US property.
Under a federal law (4 U.S.C. §114), your former state can't reach your retirement income once non-residency is properly established.
France doesn't layer its own tax on top — no French income tax, no CSG/CRDS. It's still declared in France each year, an annual filing we handle for members.
One French health contribution sits outside the treaty for households living mainly off investment income. The full page and the calculator cover it.
A set fee for the move and a flat yearly fee for the life after it, with the same specialists on every file.
Everything between deciding and living there, handled by one team: the visa built and filed, the lease closed, healthcare and banking set up, in the right order on both sides of the Atlantic.
$5,000 per person · couple & EU-passport discounts · final half on arrival
The move, end to end →Retirement in France, minus the admin. Renewals prepared ahead of their deadlines, both countries' tax returns filed, and one team that already knows your file.
$3,500 per household · per year
Everything Membership covers →Have a different situation? Thirty minutes with an Aelos advisor settles it →
Thirty minutes, no pitch. About a third of these calls end in “not now,” “do it yourself,” or “France isn't right for you.” If it is right, you'll leave knowing exactly what to do next.